Abstract
BackgroundMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating central nervous system (CNS) disease. Changes in insulin growth factor 1 (IGF-1) input to the brain can affect survival of myelin and CNS cells. The study aims to investigate the relation of serum IGF-1 levels with cognitive impairment and fatigue in MS patients.MethodsThis study was conducted on 46 MS patients and 46 healthy controls. All participants were subjected to clinical assessment, serum IGF-1 levels, expanded disability status scale (EDSS), modified fatigue impact scale (MFIS), and Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) scale.ResultsThere was no significant difference between patients and controls regarding serum IGF-1 levels (P = 0.19). However, low serum levels of IGF-1 have significantly greater odds for fatigue (P = 0.002) and cognitive impairment (P < 0.001). Also, serum IGF-1 levels have a significant negative correlation with MFIS (r = − 0.701 and P < 0.001) and a significant positive correlation with MoCA scale (r = + 0.84 and P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe results, specifically that low levels of serum IGF-1 was associated with cognitive impairment and fatigue in MS, suggest that IGF-I may be involved in the pathogenesis of cognitive deficits and fatigue in MS disease.
Highlights
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating central nervous system (CNS) disease
Forty-six (22 males and 24 females) MS patients besides the 46 (19 males and 27 females) controls were included in the present study
Characteristic of the patient group This study includes 12 (26.09%) MS patients presented with progressive course, and 34 (73.91%) patients with relapsing remittent (RR) MS with mean expanded disability status scale (EDSS) score of patients was 4.67 ± 2.58
Summary
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating central nervous system (CNS) disease. Changes in insulin growth factor 1 (IGF-1) input to the brain can affect survival of myelin and CNS cells. The study aims to investigate the relation of serum IGF-1 levels with cognitive impairment and fatigue in MS patients. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic immune-mediated disease with neuronal demyelination and axonal injury (Patejdl et al 2016). It is associated with disability and lower quality of life. Cognitive impairment affects up to 43–70% of MS patients. It has a complicated neuroanatomic and pathophysiologic background (Grzegorski and Losy 2017). Vital cognitive domains which are mainly affected are the speed of information processing, memory, attention, and executive functions (Tag El-din et al 2016)
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