Serum high concentrations of homocysteine and low levels of folic acid and vitamin B12 are significantly correlated with the categories of coronary artery diseases

Yan Ma,Chen Huang,Duanliang Peng,Chenggui Liu,Jun Luo

doi:10.1186/s12872-017-0475-8

Abstract

BackgroundHomocysteine (Hcy) has been considered as an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD). Folic acid and vitamin B12 are two vital regulators in Hcy metabolic process. We evaluated the correlations between serum Hcy, folic acid and vitamin B12 with the categories of CAD.MethodsSerum Hcy, folic acid and vitamin B12 from 292 CAD patients, including 73 acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 116 unstable angina pectoris (UAP), 103 stable angina pectoris (SAP), and 100 controls with chest pain patients were measured, and the data were analyzed by SPSS software.ResultsCompared to SAP patients, patients with AMI and UAP had higher Hcy levels with approximately average elevated (4-5) μmol/L, while SAP patients were approximately higher 8 μmol/L than controls. However, the levels of folic acid and vitamin B12 had opposite results, which in AMI group was the lowest, while in controls was the highest. CAD categories were positively correlated with Hcy (r = 0.286, p < 0.001), and negatively correlated with folic acid (r = -0.297, p < 0.001) and vitamin B12 (r = -0.208, p < 0.001). There were significant trend toward increase in the prevalence of high Hcy, low folic acid and vitamin B12 from controls, to SAP, to UAP, and to AMI.ConclusionsThe present study provide the valuable evidence that high concentrations of Hcy and low levels of folic acid and vitamin B12 are significantly correlated with CAD categories.

Highlights

Homocysteine (Hcy) has been considered as an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD)
All enrolled CAD patients had been confirmed by coronary angiography and were diagnosed to be103 stable angina pectoris (SAP), 116 unstable angina pectoris (UAP), 73 acute myocardial infarction (AMI) according to 2007 ACC/AHA guidelines. 100 controls with chest pain patients in the same period were confirmed by coronary angiography too
Comparison of principal characteristics between high Hcy, normal Hcy and low Hcy levels in CAD patients Compared to normal and low Hcy groups, High Hcy group were characterized by smoking, Diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, low folic acid, low vitamin B12, low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and high low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (p < 0.05)

Summary

Introduction

Homocysteine (Hcy) has been considered as an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD). We evaluated the correlations between serum Hcy, folic acid and vitamin B12 with the categories of CAD. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is seriously to harm people’s healthy disease in borth developed and developing countries, which was predominantly caused by atherosclerosis with endothelial dysfunction [1, 2]. The endothelium is a single layer of cells lining all blood vessels It plays an important role in many physiological functions, including the control of blood cell trafficking, Researches have confirmed that endothelial dysfunction, as an impairment of endothelium-dependent relaxation of blood vessels, occur as the initial event in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, which considered to be the initiating factor and the key point of cardiovascular disease [5, 6]. Warning and immediate risk stratification of patients with different

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