Abstract
Objective Galectin-3, an inflammatory mediator derived from microglia, participates in the pathophysiological process of various neurological diseases. However, the relationship between galectin-3 and poststroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) remains ambiguous. This research purposed to prove whether serum galectin-3 can predict PSCI. Methods In the end, an aggregate of 416 patients with the first acute ischemic stroke (AIS) were continuously and prospectively enrolled in the study. Upon admission, the baseline data of AIS patients were collected, and their serum galectin-3 levels were measured. Three months after the stroke, the Montreal Cognitive Scale (MoCA) was utilized to measure the cognitive function of AIS patients, and PSCI was defined as a MoCA score less than 26 points. Results Premised on the MoCA scores, patients were categorized into PSCI cohort and non-PSCI cohort. The two AIS patient cohorts did not exhibit any statistical difference in their baseline characteristics (p > 0.05). However, the serum galectin-3 level of AIS patients in the PSCI cohort was considerably elevated (p < 0.001). Pearson correlation analysis illustrated that serum galectin-3 level was negatively linked to MoCA score (r = −0.396, p < 0.05). The findings from the receiver-operating curve (ROC) illustrated that the sensitivity of serum galectin-3 as a possible biomarker for diagnosing PSCI was 66%, and the specificity was 94%. The cut-off value of serum galectin-3 to diagnose PSCI is 6.3 ng/mL (OR = 5.49, p < 0.001). Upon controlling for different variables, serum galectin-3 level remained to be an independent predictor of PSCI (p < 0.001). Conclusions Elevated serum galectin-3 levels are linked to a higher risk of PSCI. Serum galectin-3 could be a prospective biomarker for predicting PSCI.
Highlights
The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that stroke is ranked as the second greatest contributor of mortality, and the number one contributor of disability in low- and middle-income countries [1]
Three months after the onset of acute ischemic stroke (AIS), we used the Montreal Cognitive Scale (MoCA) scale to evaluate the cognitive function of all AIS patients
According to the MoCA score, AIS patients were categorized into 2 cohorts, the poststroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) cohort (252 cases) and the non-PSCI cohort (164 cases)
Summary
The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that stroke is ranked as the second greatest contributor of mortality, and the number one contributor of disability in low- and middle-income countries [1]. Research reports have shown that the prevalence of poststroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is between 20% and 80% and varies with different diagnostic criteria, countries, and races [3]. There are few effective treatments for stroke, and the pathogenic mechanism of PSCI has not been. The onset of PSCI may be manifested immediately after stroke, but its symptoms are often delayed. This delay can be seen as a treatment window for PSCI, allowing early intervention to protect cognitive function [5].
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