Abstract
One hundred and seven courses of treatment with polymyxin B sulfate were studied retrospectively in 57 adults with acute leukemia. There was severe hyponatremia, hypochloremia, hypokalemia, and azotemia in patients with normal blood values prior to initiation of therapy. Hypocalcemia was found in most patients in whom serum calcium was determined. Excretion of electrolytes in urine was excessive and suggested that the renal tubules were a site of toxic reaction. The toxicity of polymyxin B was related to the duration of therapy and total dose of antibiotic.
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