Serum concentrations of adiponectin and serum amyloid A in patients with end-stage renal disease and following successful kidney transplantation

Abstract

Objective Adiponectin (ADPN), a collagen-like protein of the collectin family produced by adipocytes, may play a crucial role in the association between inflammation, atherosclerosis, and IR. Plasma ADPN is also down-regulated in association with obesity-linked diseases including coronary artery diseases. Although reports have shown that ADPN increases during maintenance hemodialysis (HD) and decreases following successful renal transplantation, there is no evidence about whether ADPN causes the deterioration of vasculitis. Methods To determine if ADPN causes inflammation and insulin resistance, we examined the differences in serum concentrations of serum amyloid A (SAA), homeostasis model assessment value for insulin resistance (HOMA-R), and ADPN in patients who had undergone both maintenance HD and who had later received a renal transplant. Results The mean SAA (27.7 ± 8.3 g/mL) and ADPN (20.8 ± 11 g/mL) levels in the patients while they underwent HD were high. ADPN increased after an HD session (30.2 ± 10.5 g/mL). Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) who had low ADPN concentrations of at least 20 g/mL had higher body mass index (BMI), HOMA-R, and SAA values. One month after the patients received kidney transplantation, plasma ADPN decreased to 15.2 ± 1.3 g/mL, and mean SAA increased (14.6 ± 4.8 vs. 89.5 ± 23.5 g/mL before and after treatment, respectively). Conclusions Both the serum ADPN and SAA levels of the patients while they underwent were high, and their ADPN levels decreased after successful kidney transplantation. Conversely, their SAA levels increased after kidney transplantation. These results suggest a correlation between ADPN level and vasculitis. Also, this is the first time it has been shown that ADPN and SAA increase simultaneously.