Abstract
Inflammation is now believed to be responsible for coronary heart disease (CHD). This belief has stimulated the evaluation of various inflammatory markers for predicting CHD. This study was designed to investigate the association between four inflammatory cytokines (CD121a, interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-8, and IL-11) and CHD. Here, we evaluated 443 patients with CHD and 160 CHD-free controls who underwent coronary angiography. Cytokines were evaluated using flow cytometry, and statistical analyses were performed to investigate the association between cytokine levels and the risk of CHD. Patients with CHD had significantly higher levels of CD121a. The odds ratios for CHD according to increasing CD121a quartiles were 1.00, 1.47 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.79–2.72], 2.67 (95% CI: 1.47–4.84), and 4.71 (95% CI: 2.65–8.37) in an age- and sex-adjusted model, compared to 1.00, 1.48 (95% CI: 0.70–3.14), 2.25 (95% CI: 1.10–4.62), and 4.39 (95% CI: 2.19–8.79) in a model that was adjusted for multiple covariates. A comparison of the stable angina, unstable angina, and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) subgroups revealed that patients with AMI had the highest CD121a levels, although IL-1β levels were similar across all groups. IL-8 levels were also increased in AMI patients, and IL-11 levels were higher in CHD patients than in non-CHD patients. Correlation analysis revealed a positive association between CD121a, IL-8, and the Gensini score. Together, the significant increase in CD121a levels among CHD patients suggests that it may be a novel inflammatory marker for predicting CHD.
Highlights
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading global cause of death and disability, and approximately half of these cases are directly attributed to coronary heart disease (CHD) [1]
Significantly higher levels of CD121a were observed in the CHD patients compared to the controls (Fig 1A)
The stable angina (SA), unstable angina (UA), and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) subgroups all had significantly higher levels of CD121a compared to the controls (Fig 1B)
Summary
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading global cause of death and disability, and approximately half of these cases are directly attributed to coronary heart disease (CHD) [1]. Effective predictive and diagnostic methods are important for reducing the global burden of CHD on public health and its associated costs [2]. Serum CD121a and Coronary Heart Disease approaches for diagnosing CHD. A convenient and cheap method such as inflammatory biomarkers for predicting CHD is urgently needed. As an important cause of CHD, inflammation is widely believed to be a major mediator across the different stages of atherosclerosis, from initiation and advancement to plaque rupture and thrombosis [3,4]. The roles of most inflammatory biomarkers remain unclear, and the role of these cytokines in the prediction of CHD has not been established
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