Abstract
Purpose: Immobilization is one major risk factor for osteoarthritis as longer periods of unloading can initiate catabolic processes and cause cartilage degeneration. Bed rest studies are an excellent standardized model for simulating not only the effects of spaceflight but also to investigate the impact of longer periods of immobilization and possible countermeasures to prevent articular cartilage degeneration. Biomarkers of cartilage metabolism are sensitive to changes in the biological and mechanical environment and can indicate early changes in cartilage homeostasis.
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