Serum and Plasma Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Levels in Individuals with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression.

Mohammad Moslem Imani,Dena Sadeghi Bahmani,Masoud Sadeghi,Mehrdad Emami,Serge Brand,Habibolah Khazaie

doi:10.3390/life10060087

Abstract

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is associated with a variety of inflammatory factors. Specifically, proinflammatory cytokines appear to be associated with the pathogenesis of OSAS. Methods: For the present meta-analysis and meta-regression on serum and plasma tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels in individuals with and without OSAS, we performed a systematic search without any restrictions of the PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases to find relevant articles published up to 1 February 2020. Results: Fifty-five (adults: 29 studies on serum and 17 studies on plasma; children: 4 studies on serum and 5 studies on plasma) were included and analyzed. Always compared to age-matched healthy controls, the pooled MDs were as follows: adults, serum: 10.22 pg/mL (95% CI = 8.86, 11.58; p < 0.00001); adults, plasma: 5.90 pg/mL (95% CI = 4.00, 7.80; p < 0.00001); children, serum: 0.21 pg/mL (95% CI = 0.05, 0.37; p = 0.01); children, plasma: 5.90 pg/mL (95% CI = 4.00, 7.80; p < 0.00001). Conclusions: Compared to healthy and age-matched controls, adult individuals with OSAS had significantly higher serum/plasma TNF-α levels. For children with OSAS, significantly higher levels were observed for TNF-α in serum but not in plasma.

Highlights

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a common sleep-related breathing disorder
Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) levels and OSAS with case-control design without age (≥18 years as adults and 5 events/h diagnosed by polysomnography; (3) participants with OSAS and controls had no other systematic diseases such as diabetes, asthma, neurological disorders such as multiple sclerosis, neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, or oral diseases; (4) studies reporting pretreatment morning serum and/or plasma levels of TNF-α; (5) studies reporting sufficient data to compute the MD and 95% confidence interval (CI) in participants with OSAS and controls; (6) studies with more than 10 cases included as individuals with OSAS and controls
62 articles were removed with reasons

Summary

Introduction

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a common sleep-related breathing disorder. It is estimated that 4% of both female and male adults suffer from OSAS [1]. Life 2020, 10, 87 middle-aged individuals (30–60 years) suffer from OSAS, and prevalence rates increased by 30% to. In individuals with OSAS, the repetitive obstruction of the upper airway during sleep leads to hypoxemia, arousals, intermittent snoring, episodes of complete apnea, and to increased daytime sleepiness as a result of non-restoring sleep [4]. Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is associated with a variety of inflammatory factors. Conclusions: Compared to healthy and age-matched controls, adult individuals with OSAS had significantly higher serum/plasma TNF-α levels.

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Discussion

Conclusion