Serum Analysis of Women with Early-Stage Breast Cancer Using a Mini-Array of Tumor-Associated Antigens.

Alma Oaxaca-Camacho,Eduardo Padilla-Camberos,Luis Jave-Suárez,José Cruz-Ramos,José Muñoz-Valle,Oscar Ochoa-Mojica,Adriana Aguilar-Lemarroy,Ahtziri Carranza-Aranda,Abel Gutiérrez-Ortega,Juan Núñez-Hernández,Rodolfo Hernández-Gutiérrez,Moisés Martínez-Velázquez,Sara Herrera-Rodríguez

doi:10.3390/bios10100149

Abstract

Background: Several studies have shown that patients with cancer have antibodies in serum that react with cellular autoantigens, known as Tumor-Associated Antigens (TAA). The present work aimed to determine whether a mini-array comprising four recombinant TAA increases the detection of specific serum antibodies for the diagnosis of early-stage breast cancer. Methods: The mini-array included Alpha 1-AntiTrypsin (A1AT), TriosePhosphate Isomerase 1 (TPI1), Peptidyl-Prolyl cis-trans Isomerase A (PPIA), and PeroxiReDoXin 2 (PRDX2) full-length recombinant proteins. The proteins were produced after gene cloning, expression, and purification, and were verified by Western blot assays. Then, Dot-Blot was performed to find antibodies against the four TAA in 12 sera from women with early-stage breast cancer (stage II) and 12 sera from healthy women. Results: Antibody detection against individual TAA in early-stage breast cancer sera ranged from 58.3% to 83.3%. However, evaluation of the four TAA showed that there was a positive antibody reaction reaching a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 85% in early-stage breast cancer, suggesting that this mini-array must be evaluated as a clinical diagnostic tool for early-stage breast cancer in a larger sample size. Conclusion: Our results suggest that TAA mini-arrays may provide a promising and powerful method for improving the detection of breast cancer in Mexican women.

Highlights

Breast cancer ranks first worldwide in frequency among all types of cancer found in women
Our results suggest that Tumor-Associated Antigens (TAA) mini-arrays may provide a promising and powerful method for improving the detection of breast cancer in women
That this is a preliminary study with a small number of patients; it is necessary to conduct a new study with a larger number of patients

Summary

Introduction

Breast cancer ranks first worldwide in frequency among all types of cancer found in women. The detection of breast cancer at its earliest stages could contribute to a considerable and effective reduction worldwide in morbidity and mortality rates caused by this type of cancer [9]. It is of the utmost importance, and there is a great need to develop, test, validate, and place new detection and diagnostic tests that are minimally invasive or noninvasive, simple, and inexpensive on the market for use in the field and tests that do not require expensive and sophisticated equipment. The present work aimed to determine whether a mini-array comprising four recombinant TAA increases the detection of specific serum antibodies for the diagnosis of early-stage breast cancer. Conclusion: Our results suggest that TAA mini-arrays may provide a promising and powerful method for improving the detection of breast cancer in Mexican women

Methods

Discussion

Conclusion