Abstract
ObjectiveTo investigate the association between serum adiponectin levels and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in Chinese type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients.Design and MethodsTwo hundred nineteen T2D patients aged 40–79 years were divided into two groups according to whether they had DPN. The systemic levels of five biomarkers were measured using a human adipokine multiplexed bead-based immunoassay. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy diagnostic criteria included both common DPN symptoms and neurological screening tests.ResultsMost features of DPN (n=98) and non-DPN patients (n=121) are similar, but the DPN patients were slightly older, had longer diabetes duration, higher hemoglobin (Hb) A1c, lower estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR), less exercise, and used lipid-lowering drugs more often. Serum adiponectin levels of DPN patients were higher than that of non-DPN patients (8.13 vs. 9.63 mg/ml, P = 0.004). Serum adiponectin levels were positively associated with DPN after adjusting for age, gender, body mass index, hypertension, HbA1c, alcohol intake, smoking status, physical activity, log-transformed low density lipoprotein cholesterol, lipid-lowering drug usage, eGFR, and diabetes duration {odds ratio (OR) 1.72 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02-2.89], P = 0.041}. The OR refers to a doubling in biomarkers.ConclusionsSerum adiponectin levels were higher in DPN patients compared to non‑DPN patients in this Chinese T2D population. Serum adiponectin levels were positively associated with DPN presence, independent of multiple confounders.
Highlights
A 2017 survey by the International Diabetes Federation showed that approximately 425 million people suffer from diabetes mellitus (DM) worldwide, including about 114 million people in China [1]
Most of the characteristic data were similar between the two groups, the participants with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) were slightly older, had a longer diabetes duration, higher hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels, and lower Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) levels
Results were adjusted for age, gender, Body mass index (BMI), hypertension, HbA1c levels, log-transformed low-density lipoproteincholesterol (LDL-C) levels, alcohol intake, smoking status, and physical activity
Summary
A 2017 survey by the International Diabetes Federation showed that approximately 425 million people suffer from diabetes mellitus (DM) worldwide, including about 114 million people in China [1]. The study found that, with prolonged disease, DPN prevalence was as high as 30% or more [2]. In type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients, serum adiponectin concentrations have been found to be significantly lower than those non-T2D participants [6], but not as high as those of type 1 diabetic (T1D) patients [7]. Previous studies have shown that in diabetic nephropathy (DN) patients, serum adiponectin levels are notably lower than those of non-DN patients; in diabetic retinopathy (DR) patients, serum adiponectin levels are notably higher compared with non-DR patients [8]. Some studies found significantly higher serum adiponectin levels in DPN patients compared to non-DPN patients [11], while others found low serum adiponectin to be significantly associated with DPN incidence [12, 13]. One study suggests that adiponectin has no relationship with diabetic distal sensorimotor polyneuropathy (DSPN) [14]
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