Abstract
BackgroundThis study was aimed at determining the levels of serum adiponectin, leptin, resistin, visfatin and lipids during the first trimester in pregnant women and to evaluate the relationship between these biochemical markers and preeclampsia (PE). Available evidence point to changes in the levels of these adipokines in PE hence this study examined the potential of using these biomarkers in the prediction of the disease.MethodsThis was a case-control study which compared first trimester serum biochemical and anthropometric parameters in pregnant women who subsequently developed PE and those who did not. Blood pressure and urine protein were determined after 20 weeks of gestation and diagnosis of PE performed according to the guidelines of the American Heart Association.ResultsThere was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the lipid profile with the exception of HDL cholesterol which was significantly lower (p = 0.043) in the PE group compared to the normotensive group. There were, however, significant differences (p < 0.05) in the adipokines between the PE group and those without PE. Analyses of area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) for the adipokines, showed their ability to correctly predict PE even after controlling for body mass index (BMI) and family history of hypertension.ConclusionAdiponectin, leptin, resistin and visfatin were found to be significant predictors of PE, with resistin being the best predictor after controlling for BMI. However, adiponectin was the best predictor after controlling for BMI, age, parity and family history of diabetes and preeclmapsia.
Highlights
This study was aimed at determining the levels of serum adiponectin, leptin, resistin, visfatin and lipids during the first trimester in pregnant women and to evaluate the relationship between these biochemical markers and preeclampsia (PE)
This study was aimed at determining whether in the first trimester of pregnancy, serum leptin, adiponectin, resistin and visfatin are altered in pregnancies that subsequently develop PE and whether these adipokines and lipids can be used as predictive tools to ascertain pregnancies that are likely to develop PE
The lipid profile parameters did not show any significant difference between the PE group and those without PE, except High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) which was significantly lower in the PE group compared to those without PE (1.39 vs 1.569, p = 0.043) (Table 1)
Summary
This study was aimed at determining the levels of serum adiponectin, leptin, resistin, visfatin and lipids during the first trimester in pregnant women and to evaluate the relationship between these biochemical markers and preeclampsia (PE). The main objective of the current study was to explore the association between some adipokines, lipid and preeclampsia and to elucidate the effectiveness and accuracy of these markers in the prediction of PE. PE, a pregnancyspecific syndrome [1] is the occurrence of hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation in women who were previously normotensive [2]. It affects 2–5% of pregnancies and is a major contributor to fetal, neonatal and maternal morbidity and mortality. Other authors did not find significant difference in adiponectin mRNA expression in adipose tissue between patients with PE and healthy controls [9].
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