Serum Adipocyte Fatty Acid-Binding Protein Levels Are Linked to Rapid Renal Function Decline in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Normal Renal Function

Abstract

Background: Rapid renal function decline has been recognized as an important predictor for diabetic nephropathy (DN). Adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (A-FABP) is a major cytoplasmic protein in adipocytes and is closely associated with metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. We aim to investigate the role of adipokines including A-FABP and inflammatory cytokines in the development of rapid renal function decline in type 2 diabetes and normal renal function. Methods: A total of 456 subjects with type 2 diabetes with normal renal function were recruited from an outpatient clinic at the Diabetes Center of Inha University Hospital and were followed up for 6 years with serial glomerular filtration rate (GFR) measurements. The serum levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a, and interleukin (IL)-6, high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin, endogenous secretory receptor for advanced glycation end products (esRAGE), A-FABP and pentraxin-related protein (PTX3) were measured at baseline. Rapid renal function decline was defined as an eGFR decline >3.3% per year. Results: During follow-up, 120 participants (26.3%) developed rapid renal function decline and mean annual eGFR decline was -5.4 ± 2.7% and -0.6 ± 2.4% in decliners and non-decliners, respectively. Median A-FABP levels were significantly higher in patients with rapid decliners than in non-decliners (19.1 vs. 16.8 ng/ml, p=0.011). No significant difference of three cytokines levels were observed between groups. Each log unit increase of A-FABP was independently associated with greater risk of rapid renal function decline (odds ratio [OR] = 3.60; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.95-6.66; p < 0.001) after adjustments for sex, BMI, A1C, GFR, hypertension, presence of carotid artery plaque and urine albumin creatinine ratio. Conclusions: High plasma A-FABP was an independent risk factor for rapid renal function decline in type 2 diabetes and normal renal function. Disclosure D. Seo: None. S. Kim: None. S. Ahn: None. S. Hong: None. M. Nam: None.