Abstract
Background and Purpose: Inflammation plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). The role of β2-microglobulin (β2M) as a potential initiator of the inflammatory response in AIS is unclear. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship of serum β2M with the recurrence risk and 3-month outcome of AIS.Methods: A total of 205 patients with AIS were recruited, and their clinical and biochemical characteristics were collected. All patients were followed up for 3 months after stroke onset, and the occurrence of death or major disability at 3 months after onset was the outcome of interest in this study. We evaluated the association of serum β2M levels with the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores, modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores, and Essen Stroke Risk Score (ESRS) values in patients with AIS. Then, we used receiver operating curve analysis to calculate the optimal cutoff value for discriminating outcomes in patients with AIS and a binary logistic regression model to evaluate the risk factors for a poor outcome after AIS.Results: Our results showed that serum β2M levels were significantly and positively correlated with ESRS values (r = 0.176, P < 0.001) and mRS scores (r = 0.402, P < 0.001), but the levels of β2M were not correlated with NIHSS scores (r = 0.080, P = 0.255) or with infarct volume (r = 0.013, P = 0.859). In a further study, we found that 121 patients (59.02%) had poor outcomes. The optimal β2M cutoff to predict the 3-month outcome of AIS in this study was 1.865 mg/l, and β2M was independently associated with a poor outcome at 3 months (OR = 3.325, 95% confidence interval: 1.089~10.148).Conclusions: In conclusion, we inferred that serum β2M was positively associated with the recurrence risk and 3-month outcome of AIS, but it did not appear to be directly related to the severity of AIS or the size of the infarct at admission.
Highlights
Stroke is a global critical public health issue [1]
The results showed that β2M levels were significantly and positively correlated with modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores (r = 0.402, P < 0.001) and ESRS values (r = 0.176, P < 0.001)
Our results indicated that β2M was still significantly and positively associated with poor outcomes at 3 months after acute ischemic stroke (AIS) in this study (P < 0.05) after adjusting for other risk factors (Table 4)
Summary
Increasing evidence suggests that one of the major processes worsening the clinical outcome of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is inflammation [2]. Recent evidence indicated that serum β2M was positively associated with an increased risk of incident ischemic stroke events among women [10]. The role of β2M in AIS is unclear, and there are few reports on the relationship between β2M and the recurrence or prognosis of ischemic stroke. In this cohort study, we examined the associations between serum β2M and the risk of recurrence and the 3-month outcome of patients with AIS. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship of serum β2M with the recurrence risk and 3-month outcome of AIS
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