Abstract
Chagas disease (CD) affects 5.7-7.0 million individuals worldwide, and its prevalence reached 25.1% in the state of Bahia, Brazil. There is an association between the prevalence of CD, the socioeconomic status of the population, and the risk of re-emergence due to non-vectorial transmission, such as blood transfusion. This study determined the seroprevalence of T. cruzi infection among blood donors in the state of Bahia, located in northeastern Brazil, and their epidemiological profile during a 10-year period. We performed a descriptive cross-sectional study involving a database review. Data were collected from patients with non-negative results for T. cruzi infection during a 10-year period. A total of 3,084 (0.62%) samples were non-negative for T. cruzi infection in an initial serological screening, and 810 (0.16%) samples were non-negative in the second screening. The correlation between infection and age (30 years or older) and between infection and lower educational level (12 years or less) in the first and second screening was statistically significant. The seroprevalence of T. cruzi infection was higher in men in the first screening. In addition, 99.52% of the municipalities of Bahia had at least one case of CD. Livramento de Nossa Senhora and Salvador presented the highest disease prevalence and recurrence, respectively. The seroprevalence of T. cruzi infection in these populations was lower than that found in other studies in Brazil but was comparatively higher in densely-populated areas. The demographic characteristics of our population agreed with previous studies.
Highlights
Chagas disease (CD) affects 5.7-7.0 million individuals worldwide, and its prevalence reached 25.1% in the state of Bahia, Brazil
A total of 3,084 (0.62%) samples were non-negative for T. cruzi infection in an initial serological screening, and 810 (0.16%) samples were non-negative in the second screening
The objective of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of T. cruzi infection and describe the epidemiological profile of blood donors from the Hematology and Hemotherapy Foundation of Bahia (HEMOBA) with non-negative results for T. cruzi infection detected by screening tests during a 10-year period (February 2008 to February 2018) in the state of Bahia
Summary
Chagas disease (CD) affects 5.7-7.0 million individuals worldwide, and its prevalence reached 25.1% in the state of Bahia, Brazil. This study determined the seroprevalence of T. cruzi infection among blood donors in the state of Bahia, located in northeastern Brazil, and their epidemiological profile during a 10year period. The seroprevalence of T. cruzi infection decreased in Latin America (from 6.49% to 1.28%) and Brazil (from 6.96% to 0.21%) between 1970 and 20067 as a consequence of control campaigns in endemic countries, which helped reduce vectorial and transfusion transmission. Despite this decreasing trend in endemic areas, neglected regions have a higher number of cases and infected individuals. Micro-outbreaks of CD occurred via oral transmission in municipalities in the interior of the states of Santa Catarina and Bahia[10]
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