Seroprevalence of transfusion transmissible infections among blood donors at tertiary care hospital in southern Telangana- A 3 year cross sectional study

Abstract

Introduction: Transfusion of blood and blood products is lifesaving in clinical situations but sometimes it is also a potential source of infection to patients who receive it. Screening for TTIs (Transfusion Transmissible Infections) have a significant role in in preventing morbidity and mortality of patients receiving blood from blood banks. Aims and Objective: To determine seroprevalence of transfusion transmissible infections among blood group donors in Khammam district of Telangana. Materials and Methods: A Retrospective cross sectional study was carried out on all donors in blood bank of a tertiary care hospital at Mamata Medical college, Khammam for three years. Screening tests for HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus), HBV (Hepatitis B Virus), HCV (Hepatitis C Virus), Malaria and Syphilis included Rapid and ELISA test kits. Results: Among 5757 donors, 5674 (98.5%) were male and 93(1.5%) were female donors. Overall seroprevalence in a 3 years study showed positivity of 0.42% in HBV, 0.01% in HCV, 0.07% in HIV. More of younger age group donors of 20-25 years were seropositive in HIV, whereas for HBV it was 26-30 years age group. O+ve was the commonest blood group observed showing seropositivity in all three. None of the patients were positive for syphilis or malaria in 3 years study period. Conclusion: We conclude that seroprevalence of HBV was significantly higher than other infections in our area. Seropositivity for Syphilis and Malaria was not seen in our area. Keywords: Transfusion transmissible infections (TTI), Seroprevalence, HIV, HBV, HCV.