Abstract
BackgroundHepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are a common cause of complications in liver disease and immunological impairment among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. The aim of this study was to assess the seroprevalence of HBV and HCV and their correlation with CD4+ T-cells among HIV-infected patients in an HBV endemic area.MethodsA cross-sectional observational and retrospective study was carried out in a reference center in Southern Brazil between January 2005 and December 2016. Socio-demographic data were collected by using a structured questionnaire. Serological tests and analysis of CD4+ T-cell count levels were performed using standard procedures.ResultsThe seroprevalence of HIV-HBV, HIV-HCV, and HIV-HBV-HCV coinfections was 3.10%, 3.10%, and 0.16%, respectively. At baseline, anti-hepatitis B surface and anti-hepatitis B core antigens were detected in 46.27% and 16.74% of HIV-monoinfected patients and in 31.25% and 21.86% of the HIV-HCV coinfected patients, respectively. The median CD4+ T-cell count at baseline in the HIV-monoinfected group was higher than that in the HIV-coinfected groups, but without statistical significance. The median CD4+ T-cell count and the CD4/CD8 ratio were significantly higher in HIV-HBV and HIV-HCV groups after 24 months of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) compared to the pre-cART values. When comparing patients with HIV-HBV and HIV-HCV on cART, CD4+ T-cell recovery was more rapid for HIV-HBV patients.ConclusionAlthough the analyzed region was endemic for HBV, the prevalence of HIV-HBV and HIV-HCV coinfection was lower than the rate found in the general population of Brazil. HBV and HCV had no significant impact on CD4+ T-cell counts among HIV-infected patients at baseline.
Highlights
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are among the leading causes of death by infectious diseases worldwide [1]
Anti-hepatitis B surface and anti-hepatitis B core antigens were detected in 46.27% and 16.74% of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-monoinfected patients and in 31.25% and 21.86% of the HIV-HCV coinfected patients, respectively
The analyzed region was endemic for Hepatitis B virus (HBV), the prevalence of HIV-HBV and HIVHCV coinfection was lower than the rate found in the general population of Brazil
Summary
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are among the leading causes of death by infectious diseases worldwide [1]. In 2015, approximately 36.7 million people were living with HIV infection [2], 257 million people with chronic HBV infection, and 71 million people with HCV infection [3] These viruses have similar routes of transmission, and it is estimated that 2.7 and 2.3 million people are living with HIV-HBV and HIV-HCV coinfection, respectively [3]. Comorbidities such as chronic liver disease caused by HBV or HCV infection are recognized as significant problems in HIV-infected patients [4]. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are a common cause of complications in liver disease and immunological impairment among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)infected patients. The aim of this study was to assess the seroprevalence of HBV and HCV and their correlation with CD4+ T-cells among HIV-infected patients in an HBV endemic area
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