Abstract
BackgroundCross-reacting antibodies enhanced dengue infection in humans and antibody dependent enhancement (ADE) have been proposed as early mechanisms underlying DHF/DSS. However, the duration of dengue IgG antibodies in the body as well as factors associated with said duration remain unclear.MethodsBlood samples from 59 dengue symptomatic persons and 48 asymptomatic individuals were collected. Study participant demographic information (including age in 2009, gender, and place of residence) were also collected. Serum samples were tested for dengue specific IgG by Panbio dengue IgG indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Chi-square tests and logistic regression analysis of dengue IgG antibodies seroprevalence divided by gender, age groups, and symptomatic or asymptomatic infection were conducted using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences.ResultsOverall, 70 (65.42%) blood samples were seropositive for dengue IgG antibodies with similar seroprevalences found when dividing by gender and different age groups. However, seroprevalence of dengue IgG antibodies in samples from dengue symptomatic persons was significantly higher than that in samples from asymptomatic individuals (96.61% vs 27.08%) according to multivariable logistic regression analysis, the odds ratio (OR) of the factor was 76.731.ConclusionsDengue IgG antibodies were detectable in samples from most individuals three years after infection. Dengue symptomatic persons had a higher dengue IgG prevalence compared to asymptomatic individuals.
Highlights
Cross-reacting antibodies enhanced dengue infection in humans and antibody dependent enhancement (ADE) have been proposed as early mechanisms underlying dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF)/dengue shock syndrome (DSS)
Dengue virus (DENV) cause a spectrum of diseases ranging from subclinical manifestations or a mild, self-limiting disease, dengue fever (DF), to a more severe disease, dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), which can progress to dengue shock syndrome (DSS) and death
Probable cases are those diagnosed by local experienced physicians according to cases’ epidemiologic exposure and clinical manifestations; clinically diagnosed cases are probable cases with positive DENVspecific IgM antibodies in their serum samples; confirmed cases are clinically diagnosed cases for which any of the following laboratory results are reported by the local public health institutes: fourfold or greater increase in DENV-specific IgG antibody titer between paired samples, or positive DENV polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test, or positive virus isolation and identification [21]
Summary
Cross-reacting antibodies enhanced dengue infection in humans and antibody dependent enhancement (ADE) have been proposed as early mechanisms underlying DHF/DSS. Dengue is one of the most prevalent mosquito-borne viral disease in humans and is caused by four distinct serotypes (DENV 1–4). The WHO estimates that more than 50 million dengue infections and 20,000 dengue-related deaths occur annually worldwide [1]. Another study estimated that there were 390 million dengue infections including 96 million apparent dengue infections in 2010 [2]. DENV cause a spectrum of diseases ranging from subclinical manifestations or a mild, self-limiting disease, dengue fever (DF), to a more severe disease, dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), which can progress to dengue shock syndrome (DSS) and death. Previous studies reported that cross-reacting antibodies enhanced dengue infection in humans and antibody dependent enhancement (ADE) had been proposed as the early mechanism
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