Seroprevalence of Avian Pneumovirus in broiler breeders in India

Abstract

Avian metapneumovirus (aMPV) are the pathogens, which cause upper respiratory infections in avian species. It causes Avian Pneumovirus (APV) infection, Swollen Head Syndrome (SHS) and Avian Rhinotracheitis (ART) virus infections in chickens and Turkey Rhinotracheitis (TRT) in turkeys. APV is highly prevalent worldwide causing huge losses to the commercial poultry farmers. It causes nasal discharge, coughing, swelling of periorbital tissue and infraorbital sinuses, torticollis and secondary bacterial infections. Looking at the high prevalence and economic significance of the disease, it is important to understand its seroprevalence in India. The results of the study are useful to the farmers for awareness, so that necessary action can be taken by the health authority against the disease. In present study, 467 serum samples from seven states of India were collected and analyzed in ELISA for presence of antibodies against APV. Out of 467 samples studied, 150 (32.12%) were found positive. Andhra Pradesh state recorded the highest seroprevalence (41.18%) among seven states. The samples were also divided in various groups according to age and season. Birds with age of 61–75 weeks were found to be the most infected (58.46%), while monsoon season recorded the highest infection (50.00%). APV is the infectious disease which can spread easily in the flock. Proper biosecurity and cleaning measures should be adopted to prevent infections. Vaccination program should be followed as a preventive measure for safety of flock.