Abstract
AimThis cross-sectional study was conducted from April to July 2012 in Khartoum state, Sudan, to determine the seroprevalence of brucellosis in goats and to investigate potential risk factors associated with this disease.Materials and MethodsA total of 307 serum samples were collected from both sexes of goats in four different localities and were subjected to testing for brucellosis using rose bengal plate test (RBPT), serum agglutination test (SAT), and competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA).ResultsThe overall seroprevalence was 11.4% (n=35) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) ranging from 7.80 to 15.0. Out of these 35 RBPT-positive samples, the positivity of 18 and 17 were confirmed by SAT and cELISA, respectively. A significant statistical variation was observed between brucellosis seroprevalences in goats purchased from local animal markets and goats that were raised at the farm. Conversely, such significant variations were not observed among the categories of other risk factors with seroprevalences ranging from 3.0% (95% CI between 0.40 and 7.20) to 16.3% (95% CI between 10.4 and 22.3). Location (χ2=9.33, df=3, p=0.02), breed (χ2=3.52, df=1, p=0.05), herd size (χ2=6.59, df=2, p=0.03), and herd expansion (χ2=5.39, df=1, p=0.02) were associated with RBPT-positive status for brucella in the two-tailed Chi-square test. In addition, Sharq an-Nil locality and goats raised at the farm had increased odds of being RBPT positive.ConclusionBrucellosis was detected in goats in all surveyed localities. An effort should be made to educate goat owners/herders about brucellosis as well as about the importance of vaccination.
Highlights
Brucellosis is an infectious bacterial disease of domestic and wild animals with a serious zoonotic implication [1,2]
The overall seroprevalence of anti-brucella antibodies in goats using rose bengal plate test (RBPT) was 11.4% (n=35) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) ranging from 7.80 to 15.0
The difference between the seroprevalences of anti-brucella antibodies in goats purchased from local animal markets (2.0%, n=1, 95% CI from 0.10 to 5.80) and goats that were raised in the farm (13.3%, n=34, 95% CI from 9.10 to 17.4) for the purpose of replacement of culled goats and/or flock expansion was statistically significant
Summary
Brucellosis is an infectious bacterial disease of domestic and wild animals with a serious zoonotic implication [1,2] This disease is a significant public health problem in many parts of the world [1]. Brucellosis is caused by bacteria from the genus Brucella which contains the following species: Brucella abortus, Brucella canis, Brucella ceti, Brucella inopinata, Brucella melitensis, Brucella neotomae, Brucella ovis, Brucella papionis, Brucella microti, Brucella pinnipedialis, Brucella suis, and Brucella vulpis. All these bacteria are small, non-motile, aerobic, facultative intracellular, and Gram-negative coccobacilli [2]. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated
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