Serological Analysis of HBsAg and Anti-HCV Antibody in Patients Received at the Mali Hospital Laboratory

Abstract

Introduction: Viral hepatitis is a public health threat that has long been underestimated. This infectious disease is the seventh cause of death in the world and even ahead of HIV in terms of epidemiological prevalence. Objective: highlight the seroprevalence of hepatitis B and C viral infections in patients seen in the medical analysis and pathology laboratory department of the Mali hospital. Method: This is a prospective and retrospective study that took place from July 2021 to August 2022. This study included 1540 samples from eligible patients with HBsAg, Anti HBe IgG Antibody, Anti HBc Antibody, HBe Ag, Antibody Anti HBs and/or anti-HCV antibodies. Results: These different methodologies allowed us to have the results of 1540 samples concerning this study. The female sex was more represented with 62.92% compared to the male sex or 37.08%. The HBSAg was mainly found positive in the male sex with 5.45%. The average age was 38 ± 17 years with extremes ranging from 2 to 92 years. The age group 21-39 years was the most represented with 47.47% and the most affected by the positivity of the HBSAg with 5.65%. 64.03% of our patients were married and also with increasing positivity for HBS Ag and anti-HCV Ac with 5.91% and 0.91% respectively. The seroprevalence of HBV, HCV and HVB/HCV co-infection were 10.06, 0.9% and 0.84% respectively. Conclusion: Hepatitis B remains largely unknown to the general public but also to many medico-social actors. This lack of knowledge represents a major obstacle to prevention and screening. It also has as a corollary the stigmatization of people who are affected, in romantic encounters or at work in particular. A high seroprevalence of HBsAg obtained indicates the spread of hepatitis B in the Malian population.