Abstract
BackgroundCytomegalovirus causes congenital infections all around the world. The seroepidemiology of cytomegalovirus infection in pregnant women in Mexico is largely unknown. We sought to determine the seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus infection in pregnant women in Durango City, Mexico; and to determine seroprevalence association with socio-demographic, clinical and behavioral characteristics of pregnant women.MethodsThrough a cross-sectional study design, 343 pregnant women were examined for anti-cytomegalovirus IgG and IgM antibodies in Durango City, Mexico. We used a standardized questionnaire to obtain the general characteristics of the pregnant women. Multivariate analysis was performed to determine the association of cytomegalovirus infection with the characteristics of the pregnant women.ResultsAnti-CMV IgG and IgM antibodies were detected in 225 (65.6%) and in none of the 343 pregnant women studied, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that CMV exposure was associated with increasing age (OR = 1.67; 95% CI: 1.01-2.76; P = 0.04). Other women characteristics including socioeconomic status, education, blood transfusion, transplantation, sexual promiscuity and number of previous pregnancies or deliveries did not show an association with CMV exposure.ConclusionsThis is the first seroepidemiology study of CMV infection in pregnant women in Mexico. A number of known factors associated with CMV infection were not associated with CMV exposure in the women studied. Further studies to determine routes of CMV infection in pregnant women in Mexico are needed.
Highlights
Cytomegalovirus causes congenital infections all around the world
Study population and study design Through a cross-sectional study design, we studied pregnant women in a public primary health care center (Clínica de Medicina Familiar, Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado) in Durango City, Mexico from April to November 2013
Multivariate analysis of socio-demographic, clinical and behavioral variables with P values equal to or lower than 0.10 by bivariate analysis (Table 2) showed that CMV infection was positively associated only with age (OR = 1.67; 95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.01-2.76; P = 0.04)
Summary
Cytomegalovirus causes congenital infections all around the world. The seroepidemiology of cytomegalovirus infection in pregnant women in Mexico is largely unknown. We sought to determine the seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus infection in pregnant women in Durango City, Mexico; and to determine seroprevalence association with socio-demographic, clinical and behavioral characteristics of pregnant women. CMV is a leading cause of congenital infections all around the world [2,3,4]. Congenital infections with CMV may be asymptomatic [5] or may lead to hearing impairment, mental retardation, cerebral palsy [6], and neurodevelopmental disabilities [2,4]. The incidence of congenital CMV infection is about 1%-7% of births [4].
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