Abstract
Bovine brucellosis is an infectious bacterial disease caused by members of genus Brucella, affecting both animals and humans, and resulting in a serious economic loss in animal production sector and deterioration of public health. A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2014 to April 2015 to determine the seroprevalence and associated risk factors of bovine brucellosis in Sendafa, Oromia Special Zone, Ethiopia. A total of 503 blood samples were collected using a simple random sampling technique from dairy cattle of above 6 months of age with no history of previous vaccination against brucellosis. All sera samples were subjected to both Rose Bengal Plate Test for screening and Complement Fixation Test for confirmation. Accordingly, the overall seroprevalence of bovine brucellosis in the study area was 0.40%. The result showed that the seroprevalence of bovine brucellosis in the study area was not statistically significant with all proposed risk factors. No reactors were observed in male animals. The seroprevalence was observed in animals without previous history of abortion. Moreover, information was gathered on individual animal and farm-level risk factors and other farm characteristics using a questionnaire. Awareness among society was poor, so the positive animals can be a potential hazard to animals and humans in the study area. Therefore, public education should be done to improve the awareness of the community on bovine brucellosis and its public health impact with due consideration on the safe consumption of food of animal origin.
Highlights
Ethiopia is claimed to have the largest livestock population in Africa
The objectives of this study were to estimate the seroprevalence of bovine brucellosis and identify potential risk factors that could precipitate its occurrence in smallholder dairy farms in Sendafa, Oromia regional state of Ethiopia
The overall seroprevalence of bovine brucellosis in the study areas was 0.40% which was recorded on the bases of both Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) and Complement Fixation Test (CFT) (Table 1)
Summary
Ethiopia is claimed to have the largest livestock population in Africa. The total cattle population of the country is estimated to be around 60.39 million. Out of this total cattle population in the country, 98.24%, 1.54%, 0.22% are local, hybrid, and exotic breeds, respectively. The female and male cattle constitute about 54.68% and 45.32%, respectively [1].
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