Serious financial difficulties, psychological stress, and subclinical cardiovascular disease in Mexican women

Abstract

PurposeTo investigate the association between serious financial difficulties (SFD), stress, and cardiovascular health in women. MethodsWe categorized 1759 employed and insured disease-free women from the Mexican Teachers’ Cohort according to their response to a question on SFD included in the Life Stressor Checklist-Revised administered in 2012 and 2016. We also measured perceived stress (n = 1598) and hair cortisol levels (n = 539) in study participants. Carotid intima-media thickness was measured, and carotid atherosclerosis determined in all participants. ResultsMultivariable regression models indicated that women exposed to SFD had 1.6% (95% CI: 0.05, 3.2) higher mean intima-media thickness and 1.37 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.85) higher odds of carotid atherosclerosis relative to women without SFD. The magnitude of the observed associations was higher in women reporting longer duration of the event and higher emotional burden. Mediation analyses suggested a potential role of perceived stress and body mass index in these associations. Cortisol levels did not differ between groups. ConclusionsSFD was associated with subclinical cardiovascular disease among employed and insured women. Limiting stress and adiposity may be potential targets for interventions.