Abstract

BackgroundHigh prevalence and strong relationships among suicidal ideation, Internet gaming disorder (IGD), insomnia, and depression have been reported for adolescents worldwide, but the mechanism underlying these psychological problems remains unclear. This cross-sectional study explored the mediating effect of insomnia and depression on the association between IGD and suicidal ideation.MethodsParticipants were 1066 adolescents (median age = 13.0 years) with Internet games exposure in the previous 12 months from junior high schools in Shanghai, China. Questionnaire measures of suicidal ideation, IGD, insomnia, depressive symptoms, and background characteristics were obtained. Path analysis was conducted to test the multiple mediating roles of insomnia and depression.ResultsSuicidal ideation, IGD, insomnia, and depression prevalence was 27.2, 13.6, 9.2, and 17.0%, respectively. A serial multiple mediation model was generated. The mediation effect of insomnia and depression on the pathway from IGD to suicidal ideation was 45.5% (direct effect: standardized estimate [Std. estimate] = 0.186; total indirect effect: Std. estimate = 0.155). The association between IGD and depression was partially mediated by insomnia (direct effect: Std. estimate = 0.211; indirect effect: Std. estimate = 0.135). The proposed model fit the data well.ConclusionsInsomnia and depression may serially mediate the association between IGD and suicidal ideation. IGD was positively associated with insomnia, then with depression, which in turn positively contributed to suicidal ideation. We suggest greater monitoring of Internet use and prevention of insomnia and depression to mitigate the risk of suicidal ideation among Chinese adolescents.

Highlights

  • High prevalence and strong relationships among suicidal ideation, Internet gaming disorder (IGD), insomnia, and depression have been reported for adolescents worldwide, but the mechanism underlying these psychological problems remains unclear

  • The present findings identified significant relationships among IGD, insomnia, depression, and suicidal ideation, and strongly suggest that more efforts are needed to IGD → Depression

  • This study is the first to explore the relationships among suicidal ideation, IGD, insomnia, and depression in Chinese adolescents

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Summary

Introduction

High prevalence and strong relationships among suicidal ideation, Internet gaming disorder (IGD), insomnia, and depression have been reported for adolescents worldwide, but the mechanism underlying these psychological problems remains unclear. This cross-sectional study explored the mediating effect of insomnia and depression on the association between IGD and suicidal ideation. The prevalence of suicidal ideation has increased in Chinese adolescents. It increased from 10.4 to 13.6% among grade 8–9 Hong Kong Chinese students according to a 1year longitudinal study [5]. Given the rising prevalence and harmful consequences of suicidal ideation, as well as a tendency for suicidal ideation to appear at younger ages [6], early identification and effective intervention are warranted to reduce adolescent suicidal ideation and its risk factors

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