Serbia’s hybrid warfare: consequences for neighboring countries

Abstract

ABSTRACT The aim of this research is to analyze the consequences of Serbia’s hybrid warfare; Countries exposed to its hybrid warfare; The means and methods used by Serbia; The mechanisms subjects use to defend themselves; Factors and circumstances contributing to the success or failure of Serbia’s hybrid activities; The political, territorial, security, and economic consequences of hybrid warfare; The Future of Serbia’s hybrid warfare; And the future of relations and cooperation between Serbia and Russia. Hybrid warfare can be waged using conventional and unconventional warfare measures. Serbia is waging hybrid warfare in the 21st century, primarily with unconventional measures against Kosovo, and Bosnia and Herzegovina, violating the sovereignty of these states, including Montenegro and North Macedonia. Serbia’s engagement in hybrid warfare is characterized by a combination of diplomatic maneuvers, propaganda campaigns, the deployment of irregular military forces near the Kosovo border, covert local criminal formations, and the use of military threats, primarily directed against Kosovo.