Sequestration of Inflammation in Parkinson's Disease via Stem Cell Therapy.

Abstract

Parkinson’s disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disease. Insidious and progressive, this disorder is secondary to the gradual loss of dopaminergic signaling and worsening neuroinflammation, affecting patients’ motor capabilities. Gold standard treatment includes exogenous dopamine therapy in the form of levodopa–carbidopa, or surgical intervention with a deep brain stimulator to the subcortical basal ganglia. Unfortunately, these therapies may ironically exacerbate the already pro-inflammatory environment. An alternative approach may involve cell-based therapies. Cell-based therapies, whether endogenous or exogenous, often have anti-inflammatory properties. Alternative strategies, such as exercise and diet modifications, also appear to play a significant role in facilitating endogenous and exogenous stem cells to induce an anti-inflammatory response, and thus are of unique interest to neuroinflammatory conditions including Parkinson’s disease. Treating patients with current gold standard therapeutics and adding adjuvant stem cell therapy, alongside the aforementioned lifestyle modifications, may ideally sequester inflammation and thus halt neurodegeneration.