Sequential rotation to insert a left double-lumen endotracheal tube using the GlideScope®

Abstract

To the Editor: The GlideScope videolaryngoscope (GVL) (Verathon, Bothell, WA, USA) allows the glottic opening to be visualized easily. However, it poses difficulties when double-lumen endotracheal tubes (DLT) are advanced into the trachea. This suggests that the traditional method of advancing the DLT may be insufficient if used with the GVL. A combination of several factors can decrease the operator’s ability to manipulate this tube proficiently, including the complex shape of the DLT, the angulation of the GVL blade, and the indirect viewing of the airway. A main feature of the DLT is the presence of a concave distal and a concave proximal curvature. Under direct laryngoscopy, the conventional method of insertion entails advancing the tube with the distal curvature directed anteriorly. Once the bronchial tip passes the vocal cords, the DLT is rotated 90 counter clockwise, a rotation that facilitates the alignment of the bronchial tip with the left main bronchus. With the GVL, advancement of a single-lumen tube through the glottis may be difficult or impossible, because it tends to advance anteriorly and thus nearly perpendicular to the axis of the trachea. This difficulty can also arise during an attempt to advance a DLT with the GVL, because the distal concave curvature directs the tip of the bronchial lumen more anteriorly. Prior to its insertion, we pre-curve the distal 10-12 cm of the DLT approximately 60 using the specific DLT malleable stylet (Mallinckrodt, Mansfield, MA, USA) through the bronchial lumen (Figure 1A). After we obtain the glottic view with the GVL, our first goal is to advance the tube until the tip of the bronchial lumen reaches the vocal cords, allowing the tube to engage into the glottis (Figure 1B). Next, we gently remove the stylet, which increases both flexibility and maneuvrability to the DLT and then we perform the initial 180 rotation. This manoeuvre aligns the axis of the bronchial lumen with the patient’s tracheal axis, facilitating the insertion of the bronchial cuff past the vocal cords (Figure 1C). Once this is accomplished, we then use the tracheal tip as the reference mark to align the tube with the left main bronchus, which usually requires an additional 90 clockwise rotation. Finally, we advance the DLT until the proper depth of insertion is reached. Contrary to the conventional method of inserting the DLT where only its alignment with the main bronchus is considered, when using the GVL, the absent line-of-sight must be taken into account during the procedure. Therefore, we suggest aligning the DLT with the trachea first— not with the bronchus—to guarantee the insertion of the bronchial cuff into the trachea. While this is accomplished with the first rotation, the second rotation helps to align the bronchial tip with the axis of the bronchus and to move the tip away from the posterior wall of the trachea while advancing the tube until final depth. So far, we have successfully used this DLT sequential rotation in a dozen patients without complications. The GVL was used in two patients after a failed intubation with the conventional laryngoscope, and it was used in the remaining patients as a primary airway device after suspecting a potentially difficult direct laryngoscopy. All the intubations were accomplished on first attempt. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s12630-009-9243-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.