Sequential additive manufacturing: automatic manipulation of 3D printed parts

Abstract

PurposeThis paper aims to present a monitoring system and the usage of a robotic arm to remove finished parts of a three-dimensional (3D) printer build plate, enabling 3D printers to continuously build a sequence of parts.Design/methodology/approachThe system relies on a 2-degree of freedom planar manipulator. The moment to remove printed parts from the printer build plate can be determined based on direct communication with the 3D printer control software or using information from a computer vision system that applies background subtraction and Speeded up Robust Features methods.FindingsThe proposed system automatically detects the end of standard 3D print jobs and controls the robotic arm to remove the part.Research limitations/implicationsLighting variation can deteriorate the response of the computer vision system, which can be minimized using a controlled illumination environment. In addition, the printer build plate edges must be free so the parts can slip off the printer build plate when the robot pushes them out.Practical implicationsThe system enables a more practical and automatized usage of 3D printers, reducing the need of human operators.Social implicationsThe proposed system can reduce work hours of laboratory personnel, as there is no need to remove the printed parts manually before another job starts.Originality/valueComputer vision system monitors the printing process and the automation system that enables continuous sequential 3D printing of parts. A prototype is described, which can be easily replicated with low cost parts.