Abstract
infection occurs in approximately 0.5% of live births, with the greatest risk found in mothers who are infected with CMV for the first time during pregnancy. Children and adults with HIV are at significant risk of CMV disease due to poor T-cell control of this virus. Reduced T-cell function contributes to the increased risk of CMV disease in organ transplant recipients, as intense immune suppression is required to prevent graft rejection. Finally, inborn errors of immunity and conditions leading to poor thymus development also put children at risk of serious CMV infections and disease. CMV is therefore a signifi cant pathogen in many areas of pediatric medicine.
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