Abstract
Targeted DNA fragments were isolated from four scarids species; Scarus collana Ruppell 1835; Scarus frenatus Lacepede 1802; Scarus (Chlorurus) sordidus Forsskal 1775 and Scarus niger Forsskal 1775 using mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene-specific primers. Analysis of obtained partial 16S rRNA gene nucleotide sequences showed a high level of nucleotide identity in the studied regions. This reflects a close genetic relationship and shared ancestry among studied parrotfishes. Nucleotide compositions of partial 16S rRNA gene nucleotide sequence biased towards adenine and similar preference towards thymine, cytocine, and guanine. Also, base constitutions revealed preference towards higher DNA conservations. Phylogenetic analysis displayed patterns of assembly for studied species, and other included related taxa, which reflect their similar genetic makeup and their tendency to have similar niches. The phylogenetic trees revealed two evolutionary lineages splitting Scaridae and Wrasses which assumed that Scaridae should maintain the family status. Obtained data could be beneficial for parootfishes classification, conservation, and their needed environments. Therefore, the acquisition of nucleotide sequences from other parrotfishes using the developed mt16S rRNA gene-specific primers utilized here would contribute in the future to the phylogenetic
Highlights
Fishes worldwide mostly represent fifty percent (50%) of all recognized vertebrates
PCR fragments were bidirectional sequenced (Macrogen Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea) by the Sequence Variations and Molecular Phylogeny of some Red Sea Parrotfishe1s2. 9 same primers used for PCR amplification
Sequence Analysis and Nucleotide Composition of mt 16S rRNA Gene: BLAST search of partial 16S rRNA gene nucleotide sequences against nr database/parrofises verified the identity of studied species
Summary
Fishes worldwide mostly represent fifty percent (50%) of all recognized vertebrates. They significantly consider major protein sources for Humankind (FAO1997 and FAO 2000). Fishes worldwide mostly represent fifty percent (50%) of all recognized vertebrates. They significantly consider major protein sources for Humankind The Red sea possesses over 1000 fish species containing a diverse assemblage of. Coral reef fishes possess diverse colours (juveniles) or colour alterations during sexual maturity (wrasses, Labridae) (Randall, 1982). Parrotfishes (Scaridae) are herbivorous which reside near to coral reefs and composing a clade of ninety (90) species. They profile coral reef communities using their beak-like teeth to scratch algae and detritus off coral reefs to preclude algal
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