Abstract
In mammalian cells, sodium and potassium are transported across the cell membrane against an electrochemical gradient. The energy comes from a hydrolysis of ATP to ADP and Pi, and there is good evidence that the link between the hydrolysis and the transport is the (Na + K)-activated enzyme system. It is appropriate to call it an enzyme system as it not only acts as an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP but takes part in the reaction in the sense that the hydrolysis of ATP via this system seems to be translated into the movement of the cations against the electrochemical gradient. This chapter discusses general models for the transport system of sodium, the effect of sodium and potassium on the requirement for magnesium and ATP, and the effect of potassium on phosphorylation and the inhibition of the enzyme system. It also discusses the observations on the (Na + K)-activated enzyme system in relation to the general models for transport
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