Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), being maternally inherited in plants of the family Pinaceae, is an important source of phylogeographic information. However, its use is hindered by a low mutation rate and frequent structure rearrangements. In the present study, we tested the method of genomic libraries enrichment with mtDNA via the sequence capture method yielding mtDNA data which were further used to reconstruct the phylogenetic tree of the genus Abies. The baits for hybrid capture were obtained by long-range PCR using primers designed on the basis of the assembly of Abies sibirica Ledeb. mitochondrial genome. Mitochondrial genomes of Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr., Larix sibirica Ledeb., and Keteleeria davidiana (Bertrand) Beissn. were used as an outgroup. The resulting phylogenetic tree consists of two sister branches, including the Eurasian and American species, respectively, with some exceptions. The subclade of A. sachalinensis (F. Schmidt) Mast. and A. veitchii Lindl. (Japan and Sakhalin islands) occupies a basal position in the branch of American firs, probably due to the complex history of fir migrations from North America to Eurasia. The tree has high support for majority of clades. For species represented by more than one sample an intraspecific variability was found which is suitable to design mtDNA markers for phylogeographic and population studies.
Highlights
In the history of various taxonomic groups, the displacement of some related species by others is often accompanied by introgressive hybridization and the capture of maternally inherited genomes of the displaced species by the invading ones [2], which is revealed in the reticulate evolution and in conflict between phylogenetic trees of DNA of maternally and paternally inherited organelles or nuclear DNA [3,4]
Their comparison can provide information about both the initial colonization by seeds and subsequent migrations associated with pollen transfer and introgressive hybridization
We found 32 mutations common to the consensus of the Eurasian clade (3) and the consensus of island species (2) and satisfying the condition that the consensus of the remaining American species (1) and the consensus of the outgroup (4) had the ancestral state of these traits
Summary
DNA of genomes inherited maternally and transmitted through seeds has a reduced mobility in a succession of generations. In the history of various taxonomic groups, the displacement of some related species by others is often accompanied by introgressive hybridization and the capture of maternally inherited genomes of the displaced species by the invading ones [2], which is revealed in the reticulate evolution and in conflict between phylogenetic trees of DNA of maternally and paternally inherited organelles or nuclear DNA [3,4]. Their comparison can provide information about both the initial colonization by seeds and subsequent migrations associated with pollen transfer and introgressive hybridization. The 2 of 15 2 of 15 availability of mInitsopcehcoiensdorfiatlhDe NfaAmimlyaPriknearcseaise,limmtiDteNdAbyhaas nmuamtebrnearloifnfhaecrtiotarnsc,ei.e[5.,].thHeolwacekver, the of variable “unaivvaeirlasbaill”ityreogfimonitsoc[h6o],ndarlioalwDNvaArimabarilkietyrs oisflmimtiDteNd bAy da uneumtobear loofwfacmtourst,ait.eio.,nthe lack rate [7] and a hoigf hvarraiatebloef“ruenairvrearnsagl”emreegniotnss[8[6] ]o, fatlhoewpvlaanritabmiliittyocohfomntdDrNiaAl gdeuneotmo ea, lwowhicmhutation hinders the idernateifi[c7a] tainodn aofhihgohmraoteloogforueasrraenggioemnsenotfst[h8e] ogfetnhoempleanetvmenitoicnhroenldartieadl gsepneocmiees,.which Though progrehssinidnernsetxhte-gidenenetriafitciaotniosneoqfuheonmcionlgogtoeuchs nreigqiuoenss coafnthoevgeerncoommeeeovrencoimn rpeelantseadtespecies
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