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Abstract
The main purpose of this paper is the sequence stratigraphy and biostratigraphy of lower Tertiary sediments on the base of larger benthic foraminifera in northeast of Iran (Chehel-Kaman Formation). This formation mainly consists of Limestone, dolomite and interbeds of sand, shale and evaporate sediments. Petrographical studies indicate that these sediments may have been deposited on a shallow carbonate platform ramp and consist of 4 carbonate lithofacies (15 subfacies). These lithofacies may have been deposited in open marine, shoal, lagoon and tidal flat environmental conditions. Sequence stratigraphy analysis led to identification of 4 third-order depositional sequences, bounded by type 2 (within the top of the underlying Pestehleigh Formation) and type 1 sequence boundaries (paleosol). Interpreted sea level curve in this basin can be relatively correlated with global curves during Paleocene time and a with a sea-level fall occurred in the latest Paleocene, followed by a rise in the earliest Eocene. Biostratigraphy study led to the identification of 32 larger benthic Foraminifera genera. The Paleocene/Eocene boundary has been probably recorded as a thin red paleosol horizon (~10 - 15 cm).
Highlights
This study explores the biostratigraphy and sequence stratigraphy of the Chehel-Kaman Formation by using larger benthic foraminifera and microfacies studies
Larger Benthic Foraminifera (LBF) are photosymbiotic biota lived in warm, oligotrophic, shallow waters within the photic zone [1], they can be used to help understanding paleoclimatic and paleoenvironmental conditions in the Paleogene [2,3]
The aim of this paper is to report the diversity of larger benthic foraminifera and correlate them with sequence stratigraphy and sea level change
Summary
This study explores the biostratigraphy and sequence stratigraphy of the Chehel-Kaman Formation by using larger benthic foraminifera and microfacies studies. Larger Benthic Foraminifera (LBF) are photosymbiotic biota lived in warm, oligotrophic, shallow waters within the photic zone [1], they can be used to help understanding paleoclimatic and paleoenvironmental conditions in the Paleogene [2,3]. They are major components of many Paleogene carbonate platforms around the world in Paratethys realm. The peak of larger benthic foraminifera was in late Paleocene. Many works have been done in Paleocen/Eocene boundary, but pre-boundary (Late Paleocene) still needs to be studied more by biostratigraphical concentration
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