Abstract
Estimation of the spread and advancement of Plasmodium falciparum artemisinin-resistant parasites can be done by probing polymorphisms in the kelch (Pfk13) domain (a validated molecular marker). This study aimed to provide baseline information for future artemisinin surveillance by analyzing the k13-propeller domain in P. falciparum field isolates collected from 24 study areas in 14 malaria hot spots of Odisha (previously Orissa) during July 2018-January 2019. A total of 178 P. falciparum mono infections were assessed. An 849-base pair fragment encoding the Pfk13 propeller was amplified by nested polymerase chain reaction and sequenced in both directions (PCR). After DNA alignment with the 3D7 reference sequence, all samples were found to be wild type. It can be anticipated that malaria public health is not under direct threat in Odisha relating to ART resistance.
Highlights
Malaria infection by Plasmodium falciparum is creating a major public health burden all over the world in tropical and subtropical areas
P. falciparum-resistant alleles to Artemisinin or its derivatives has been reported for the first time in Western Cambodia and Thailand border [2, 3]; more interestingly, these resistant isolates might be carried by the parasites distributed rapidly across all SE Asian countries and some parts of Africa [4, 5]
Artemisinin Combination Therapy (ACT) is the only WorldHealth Organizations (WHO)-recommended antimalarial drug to combat the severity of Plasmodium falciparum infection across the globe including Odisha, India
Summary
Malaria infection by Plasmodium falciparum is creating a major public health burden all over the world in tropical and subtropical areas. P. falciparum-resistant alleles to Artemisinin or its derivatives has been reported for the first time in Western Cambodia and Thailand border [2, 3]; more interestingly, these resistant isolates might be carried by the parasites distributed rapidly across all SE Asian countries and some parts of Africa [4, 5]. Both Artemisinin Combination Therapies (ACTs) and its derivatives along with partner drug resistance to P. falciparum isolates have threatened the current efforts for the reduction of the burden of infectious malaria all over the world [6, 7]. The rest of the 9 candidate resistance mutations, i.e., P441L, F446I, G449A, N458Y, P553L, R561H, V568G, P574L, and
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