Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a well known agent of liver diseases. HBV disease burden varies across theglobe with regions from low to high endemicity. Pakistan lies in the intermediate endemic zone, withhigh rate of mortality due to liver disease, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. There is a wide rangeof heterogeneity in relation to HBV genotypes and sub-genotypes and in their patterns of pathogenesis,virulence and response to antiviral therapy. A large number of HBV genomic variations are associatedwith clinical outcomes such as hepatocellular carcinoma and liver cirrhosis. Thus, the present study aimsto analyze PreS2 gene sequences from HBV isolates and their phylogeny. To investigate this, a study wasconducted on twenty one HBV chronically infected individuals, serum samples were subjected to PCRwith specific primers for PreS2 region of HBV genotype D and then sequenced. Point mutations: A39V,P41H and L42I were found in cell permeability domain of PreS2 protein. However, MHC class I and IIepitopes were conserved in all sequences. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out by comparing thenucleotide sequence with 22 reference sequences of HBV sub-genotype D retrieved from the GeneBank.Phylogenetic analysis showed that two of our isolates, ASAB1 (2266) and ASAB3 (PIMS 7) sharedcluster 1 with China D1, Pakistan D1, Iran D1 and Turkey D1. Meanwhile, ASAB2 (HF2) was grouped incluster 2 with Lebanese D2 and Brazil D2.
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