Separation of wavy and polylobate forms of phytoliths of the “crenate” morphotype in Pooideae Benth. species of the south of Western Siberia on the basis of phylogenetic data

Abstract

The article deals with the problem of nomenclature and classification of phytoliths. The division of the “crenate” morphotype (ICPN 2.0) into two forms – polylobate and wavy – is substantiated using Pooideae grasses from the south of Western Siberia. An analysis of the literature data confirms the heterogeneity of this morphotype and various interpretations of its variations. The polylobate group includes phytoliths high in lateral projection with distinct lobes, and the wavy group includes flattened forms with a wavy edge. The article details the formation of these two morphotypes in 52 grass species belonging to 25 genera. The main content of the study is an analysis of the occurrence of forms in various tribes and subtribes according to modern information on the phylogeny of cereals. The differences in the formation of these morphotypes at the sectional and subgeneric levels are considered using as examples three genera. The detailed analysis shows that wavy plates are most typical for the subtribe Aveninae(Poeae), polylobed particles are typical for the subtribe Agrostidinae (Poeae) and the tribe Meliceae. For some taxa, for example, the tribe Stipeae, ambiguous data have been obtained that are inconsistent with information from other territories, which indicates the need for further research on this problem. The analysis of occurrence of forms at the intrageneric level shows that in the genera Poa and Festuca there are differences between individual subgenera and sections, while for the genus Calamagrostis there are no such differences. The results obtained point to the prospect of using phylogenetic information in the classification of phytoliths and the need for a more complete study of large genera of grasses in terms of phytolith composition (Festuca, Calamagrostis, Poa, Stipa, etc.).