Abstract
The thermal behavior of a low-defect kaolinite fully expanded with hydrazine-hydrate has been investigated in a nitrogen atmosphere at a constant, preset decomposition rate of 0.15 mg/min. Under controlled-rate thermal analysis (CRTA) conditions, it was possible to distinguish between loosely bonded (adsorbed) and strongly bonded (intercalated) reagent. The loosely bonded reagent is connected to the internal and external surfaces of the expanded mineral and is present as a space filler between the sheets of the delaminated mineral. The strongly bonded hydrazine-hydrate is connected to the kaolinite inner-surface OH groups by the formation of hydrogen bonds. Based on the thermoanalytical results, three different types of bonded reagent could be distinguished in the complex. Type 1 reagent (approximately 0.20 mol hydrazine-hydrate/mol inner-surface OH) is liberated between approximately 50 and 70 °C. Type 2 reagent is lost between approximately 70 and 85 °C, corresponding to a quantity of 0.12−0.15 mol hydr...
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