Separation and Analysis of Aspirin and Metformin HCl Using Green Subcritical Water Chromatography.

Ninad Doctor,Yu Yang

doi:10.3390/molecules23092258

Abstract

Organic solvents are widely used in pharmaceutical and chemical industry for chromatographic separations. In recent years, subcritical water chromatography (SBWC) has shown ability in replacing hazardous organic solvents used in traditional high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In this work, a pain killer—aspirin—and an antidiabetic drug—metformin HCl—were successfully separated on an XBridge C18 column using no organic solvents in the subcritical water chromatography mobile phase. Both traditional HPLC and subcritical water chromatography were used for comparison purposes. SBWC separation of metformin HCl and aspirin were achieved at 95 °C and 125 °C, respectively. The recovery for both active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) obtained by SBWC is 99% in comparing with the stated content of each drug. The relative standard deviation is less than 1% for SBWC assays developed in this work. This level of accuracy and precision achieved by SBWC is the same as that resulted by the traditional HPLC analysis.

Highlights

Aspirin is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug [1,2,3]
Our results show that the phosphate buffer at pH 3.4 and the separation temperature at 125 ◦ C can achieve good separation using subcritical water chromatography
The quantification results demonstrated that our subcritical water chromatography (SBWC) analysis of aspirin are accurate, precise, and compare very favorably with the results reported in [7]

Summary

Introduction

Aspirin is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug [1,2,3]. Prostaglandins are produced in the cells by the enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX) and have several important functions. There are two COX—COX1 and COX2—in the human body and they both promote inflammation, pain, and fever. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) block the COX enzymes and reduce prostaglandins throughout body, resulting in reducing ongoing inflammation, pain, and fever. Metformin HCl is widely used in treating type 2 diabetes [4,5,6]. It reduces hepatic (liver) glucose production, decreases GI glucose absorption, and increases target cell insulin sensitivity

Methods

Results

Conclusion