Seorang Anak Laki-Laki dengan Kolestasis, Cytomegalovirus dan Anemia: Laporan Kasus

Abstract

Introduction: Cholestasis can cause obstruction of substances that should be secreted into the duodenum for further digestive process. Causes of intrahepatic cholestasis in children less than 2 months of age include idiopathic neonatal hepatitis; infections such as Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), toxoplasmosis, Urinary Tract Infection (UTI), sepsis; and metabolic disorders, resulting from long-term administration of Total Parenteral Nutrition, and part of a syndrome. The infection can be transmitted either vertically or horizontally. Objective: This case report aims to determine congenital infections that can occur in children during pregnancy. Method: This study is a case report that applies a descriptive observational method about a 2.5-month-old boy being treated at Dr. Kariadi Semarang with a diagnosis of cholestasis, cytomegalovirus, normochromic microcytic anemia. Data was obtained from primary and secondary sources. Results and discussion: This case report explains that transmission of CMV infection can occur from mother to fetus during pregnancy, thus causing congenital infection. This infection becomes a chronic infection in children, thus affecting Hb levels in the blood and causing anemia. Examination of bilirubin, liver enzymes, and ultrasound of the abdomen confirmed the diagnosis of cholestasis. A head CT scan and ABR test are important for long-term monitoring. Conclusion: Infections that occur in patients due to cytomegalovirus may be acquired intrauterine. Complete investigations are needed to establish the diagnosis, so that appropriate therapy can be given. Long-term monitoring is important for the presence of intracranial calcifications as well as hearing loss.