Sentinel node biopsy in gynaecological cancers: state of art and future perspectives

Abstract

Abstract Purpose This review aims to provide an overview of current knowledge and future perspectives on sentinel node biopsy in gynaecological cancers. Methods Literature research in the PubMed/MEDLINE database was carried out to identify relevant studies on sentinel node biopsy in gynaecological cancers. We selected only original studies, published in the English language and including a minimum of nine patients. Results The most relevant results on sentinel node biopsy in gynaecological cancers were summed up, focusing on clinical indications, technical aspects, preoperative and intraoperative procedures and the latest technological advances. Conclusion Sentinel node biopsy has been widely validated in well-selected patients with early-stage vulvar, cervical and endometrial cancers. It is essential to standardise the acquisition protocol, including SPECT/CT imaging, for an improved surgical planning and a personalised approach. Recent technological advances, such as hybrid tracers and intraoperative tools, may efficiently guide gynaecological cancer surgery.