Abstract

The gastro-pyloric receptor (GPR) cells are proprioceptors monitoring muscle tension at the border of the gastric mill and pyloric regions in the foregut of the crab, Cancer borealis. These cells use both acetylcholine and serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) as co-transmitters. They evoke rapid nicotinic epsps and a variety of slow neuromodulatory serotonergic responses in neurons in the stomatogastric ganglion. The modulatory effects profoundly alter the motor patterns generated by the gastric mill and pyloric central pattern generators (CPGs) as well as interactions between the two CPGs. Thus, motor pattern generators can be modulated by sensory neurons for prolonged periods of time in a phase-independent fashion.

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