Abstract
Objectives: To determine whether chronic suppurative otitis media(CSOM) can cause Sensorineural hearing loss(SNHL) and to note its degree and its relation to duration of disease.
 Methods: This was a cross sectional study which was carried out in the departments of Otolaryngology and Head-Neck Surgery of Dhaka Medical College Hospital during the period of April’2012 to March’2013. A total number of 76 patients having unilateral CSOM were included in this study age ranging from 6 to 59 years after exclusion of other possible causes of SNHL such as meningitis, head injury, previous ear surgery and chronic noise exposure. The use of unilateral CSOM cases provided a contralateral ear to serve as a control. Bone conduction threshold elevation between diseased and control ear was considered as the indicator of inner ear damage.
 Results: In this series, CSOM was seen to be associated with sensorineural hearing loss. Significant threshold elevation was observed in relation to disease duration. Here bone conduction measurement in all frequencies (500Hz,1000Hz,2000Hz and 4000Hz) in diseased and uninvolved contralateral side showed elevation of bone conduction in diseased side and this elevation was significantly higher (p<0.001). The average bone conduction loss at 4kHz was higher than the average at the speech frequency range.
 Conclusion: This study suggests that CSOM can cause significant bone conduction threshold elevation and it should be considered when managing this problem. Early detection and prompt treatment may limit this potential handicap.
 Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; April 2016; 22(1): 26-30
Highlights
Chronic Suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is a disease where the persistent inflammatory reaction in the middle ear cleft mucosa leads to intermittent or persistent, mucoid or mucopurulent aural discharge from the middle ear through a persistent defect in the tympanic membrane[1].CSOM is considered a major health problem in our country
Deafness in CSOM is initially conductive in nature due to pathology in the middle ear conductive pathway
In a series of articles, with clinical and histopathological documentation, it was found that sensorineural hearing loss can occur concomitantly or as sequelae of CSOM5,6
Summary
CSOM is considered a major health problem in our country. The microorganisms e.g. Pseudomonus aeruginosa or Streptococcus pneumonia in chronically inflamed middle ear mucosa liberate toxins[7] that enter the inner ear through round window[8] and biochemically alter the inner ear fluids[9] resulting in damage to sensory cells in inner ear and gradual endorgan dysfunction[10]. This may cause sensorineural hearing loss or mixed type of hearing impairment
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