Sensor-based Ambient Healthcare Architecture using Blockchain and Internet of Things

Abstract

Increasing needs of the human race in the healthcare sector demands extensive use of technology and innovations. Healthcare is one dynamic area which grabs the technology for providing optimal and patient-centric treatments. Emerging technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), and Blockchain provides broad spectrum of applications that caters the needs of healthcare. Ambience in healthcare can potentially enhances the monitoring procedures and reduces errors related to the clinical procedures. This paper proposes a novel healthcare architecture that incorporates ambient intelligence in the healthcare platform. Blockchain is used as the backbone for the system to provide secured data storage and exchange between different stakeholders in the network. A hardware prototype based on Raspberry Pi Model 4B is developed to which sensors to capture body vital parameters are interfaced. A high-end computing system is used to host the machine learning algorithms which can detect abnormalities in the critical data received from the patient body and the same is reported to the concerned clinicians. This system also performs blockchain mining. The developed system found to be superior in terms of reliability and delay when compared to the existing models. Finally, to better understand the performance of various popular algorithms, a comparative analysis is performed in terms of mean average error (MAE), mean square error (MSE) and root mean square error (RMS). The system is viable and can provide seamless integrated of any existing models.