Abstract
This paper consists of RF-based sensor nodes design for survey of critical areas and distance collection of useful environmental data such as pollutants, pluviometry, temperature and humidity. Given poor or nonexistent accesses in areas under investigation, adequate RF equipped sensor nodes are posted at indicated locations for collecting data to be processed by a microcontroller used as a control and processing unit. The processing unit also processes requests from users and sends feedbacks by SMS; those requests and related feedbacks are transmitted through a GSM module. Data from sensors are also processed and corresponding SMS alerts or calls are automatically sent when set parameters are detected. In addition to the use of GSM and microcontroller-based processing unit as in few systems, the proposed system here used RF-based sensor nodes for local area data sensing. That allows real time investigation of given locations. The prototype was successfully developed and tested with specific COTS components such as RF TX/RX433MHz for local area communication, PLL4046 for data formatting to digital, GSM SIM900 for long distance communication, and PIC16F877 microcontroller for data processing.
Highlights
Security and control systems have moved from wired to wireless methods over the years; some of which use ZigBee, LoRa, Bluetooth, GSM and Wi-Fi technology amongst others
The tests were conducted with designed remote sensor nodes such as temperature sensor node of Figure 7(c), PIR sensor and light sensor integrated on the central unit of Figure 7(b), humidity/pluviometry sensor node of Figure 7(d) and a sound sensor node of Figure 7(e)
The results presented here are mainly to illustrate the expected functioning of the system; above sensor prototypes were used in that effect
Summary
Security and control systems have moved from wired to wireless methods over the years; some of which use ZigBee, LoRa, Bluetooth, GSM and Wi-Fi technology amongst others. GSM has proven to be one of the most efficient method for communication/survey systems in developing countries thank to the existing well deployed network all through areas and to the SMS service it provides. It has been one of the most used technology for security and control systems. RF-based sensor nodes are used for accessible and inaccessible locations This proposed system uses the GSM module for long distance and two-way communication between the user and the system; this option allows data collection from the system on request. The most used wireless technologies for control and security include Z-wave, ZigBee, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, LoRa and GSM
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