Abstract
Fish consumption plays an important role in human diet. Hoplias malabaricus, commonly known as traíra, is a freshwater fish widely appreciated in several Brazilian states and frequently infected by Eustrongylides sp. fourth-instar larvae (L4). The aim of the present study was to evaluate allergenic potential of Eustrongylides sp. L4 crude extract (CEE). BALB/c mice were immunized intraperitoneally (IP) by 10 μg CEE with 2 mg of aluminum hydroxide on days 0 and 35. Specific IgG and IgE antibody levels were determined after immunization and cellular immunity was evaluated by assessing intradermal reaction in ear pavilion. Epicutaneous sensitization was performed in dorsal region by antigen exposure using a Finn-type chamber containing 50 μg of CEE or saline solution, followed by evaluation of specific antibody levels. IP immunization resulted in a gradual increase in IgG antibody levels and transitory IgE production. Significant increase in ear thickness was observed in cellular hypersensitivity reaction. In case of antigen exposure by epicutaneous route, CEE was able to induce meaningfully increased levels of specific IgG and IgE antibodies as well as heightened cellular immunity. Both intraperitoneal immunization and epicutaneous contact with Eustrongylides sp. larval antigens were observed for first time to be capable of inducing immunological sensitization in mice.
Highlights
Studies of fish-related allergies have increased in recent years (Davis et al, 2020)
The intraperitoneal administration of crude extract (CEE) associated with the immune adjuvant aluminum hydroxide induced the production of IgG and IgE antibodies
Immune-activating immunization requires the combination of the antigen and adjuvants, such as cholera toxin, pertussis toxin or aluminum hydroxide, as reported by Brewer et al (1999) and Li et al (2000)
Summary
Studies of fish-related allergies have increased in recent years (Davis et al, 2020) Studies examining this phenomenon have shown that allergies are often not related to fish and seafood antigens themselves and may occur by accidental ingestion of nematode parasite larvae of the family Anisakidae (Nieuwenhuizen et al, 2006). Another nematode of zoonotic importance, and which has been commonly found parasitizing Hoplias malabaricus (Bloch, 1794), traíra, is Eustrongylides sp. The present study aimed to analyze the allergenic potential of Eustrongylides sp. larvae, collected from H. malabaricus, through sensitization to crude extract by intraperitoneal and epicutaneous routes in a murine model
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
