Abstract
Background 5-Azacytidine (5-aza-CR) was developed as an antineoplastic agent long before its inhibitory activity on DNA methyltransferases and thus its ability to reverse aberrant gene silencing became evident. Today, 5-aza-CR is the first DNA hypomethylating agent approved for treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes and represents a promising drug for epigenetic cancer therapy. However, 5-aza-CR is contraindicated for patients with pre-existing liver diseases due to adverse liver effects for yet unknown reasons.
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