Abstract
It is generally know that adverse weather conditions cause changes in urban transportation system. Research of weather impact on the urban transportation system was additionally intensified by actualisation of climate changes problem. In urban area, precipitation may reduce the efficiency of transportation systems, since it often results in larger travel times and higher congestion levels in street networks. Therefore, it is important to examine the impact of precipitation on the urban street capacity. In accordance with climate characteristics of research area, the focus of this paper was on the rain impact. Impact of rain was analysed only in the context of transport supply, and not of transport demand. Sensitivity of the street network capacity was chosen to represent transportation system supply. It was analysed through the changes in saturation flow rate under the rain. Results of the research have shown significant sensitivity of street network capacity on the rain impact. Moreover, the rain impact was quantified by the capacity sensitivity coefficients, which were implemented in procedure of capacity calculation.
Highlights
Balance between transport supply and transport demand is one of the objective functions in transportation planning process
The rain impact was quantified by the capacity sensitivity coefficients, which were implemented in procedure of capacity calculation
The obtained results show significant sensitivity of saturation flow rate under the rain impact. In both cases, when the calculation procedure is done through average values, as well as with medians, the reductions are noticeable in relation to the saturation flow rate determined for Ideal Weather Conditions (IWC)
Summary
Balance between transport supply and transport demand is one of the objective functions in transportation planning process. Bearing in mind complexity of the task, all factors that may affect the balance, should be taken into account. Sensitivity of transport system under the different weather conditions is becoming very important in the times of severe climate changes. Every deviation from the Ideal Weather Conditions (IWC) could be categorised as adverse weather. Criteria for determining adverse weather conditions depend on geographic location of the analysed area and behaviour and habits of inhabitants’. The IWC, regarding traffic and transport, can be described as: no precipitation, dry roadway, visibility greater than 0.4 km, and the wind speed lower than 16 km/h (Kyte et al 2001). As an additional criterion which is recommended for IWC is temperature above 10 °C (Tsapakis et al 2013)
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