Abstract
A novel surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor with graphene and subwavelength gratings is proposed to improve the sensing performance. A series of numerical analyses were performed to investigate the effect of structural parameters on the sensing performance, such as minimum reflectance at resonance (MRR), full width at half maximum (FWHM), and resonance angle. The results indicated that near-zero MRR (2.9 × 10−6) and narrow FWHM (about 3.5 deg) could be obtained by optimizing the geometrical parameters. Moreover, the influence of the number of graphene layers on sensitivity was also studied. The maximum sensitivity of the designed sensor could reach 192 deg/refractive index unit (RIU), which is a great enhancement compared to the silver-only SPR sensor. In addition, ethylene glycol solutions with different refractive indices were detected. The results showed that the sensitivity of the sensor could reach 220.67 deg/RIU, and the proposed sensor had excellent linearity between the resonance angle and refractive index, enabling extensive potential practical sensing applications.
Highlights
Surface plasmon resonance (SPR), an optical phenomenon that is considerably sensitive to small changes in the analyte refractive index, has occupied a critical position among optical technologies [1,2].As has been extensively and intensively documented in the literature, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors have been diffusely applied in different detection applications, including environmental monitoring [3], drug discovery [4], food allergen detection [5], and gas sensing [6], because of advantages such as label-free detection, low cost, real-time measurement, high sensitivity, and so on [7]
The performance of the proposed SPR sensor was investigated through grating width, and grating period, software on the sensing performance, such asmethod minimum reflectance at Multiphysics commercial based on the finite element (FEM)
full width at half maximum (FWHM) is a geometrical interpretation of the SPR curve width
Summary
Surface plasmon resonance (SPR), an optical phenomenon that is considerably sensitive to small changes in the analyte refractive index, has occupied a critical position among optical technologies [1,2]. For the last few years, various designs consisting of graphene have been reported to enhance the performance of SPR sensors. SPRfilm sensor based the on sensing graphene–gold structure, achieved sensitivity functionalize metallic to improve performance becausewhich it possesses rich πa conjugation enhancement of 25%. For the last few years, SPR various designs consisting of proposed a SPR imaging biosensor based on graphene–silver (Ag) structure andreported found that the graphene have been reported to enhance the performance of SPR sensors. SPR sensors based on graphene-decorated which achieved more thanin double sensitivity enhancement with 40 nm gold,. The performance of the proposed SPR sensor was investigated through grating width, and grating period, software on the sensing performance, such asmethod minimum reflectance at Multiphysics commercial based on the finite element. Schematic diagram of the proposed surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor with Ag gratings and graphene
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