Abstract
In this research, the sensitivity distribution properties of a phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating (PS-FBG) to ultrasonic waves were investigated employing the surface attachment method. A careful consideration was taken and examined by experimental results to explain that the distances and angles between the sensor and ultrasonic source influence not only the amplitudes, but also the initial phases, waveforms, and spectra of detected signals. Furthermore, factors, including the attachment method and the material's geometric dimensions, were also discussed. Although these results were obtained based on PS-FBG, they are also applicable to a normal FBG sensor or even an optical fiber sensor, due to the identical physical changes induced by ultrasonic waves in all three. Thus, these results are useful for applications of optical fiber sensors in non-destructive testing and structural health monitoring.
Highlights
Many researchers have investigated the use of a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) as an effective ultrasonic sensor due to this grating’s inherent advantages, including its flexibility, immunity to electromagnetic interference, corrosion resistance, small size, and ability to be embedded into various materials
Other researchers use FBGs in the field of non-destructive testing (NDT) or structural health monitoring (SHM), where the FBG is normally attached to material surfaces or embedded into materials [2,3]
A phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating (PS-FBG) manufactured by Fujikura Company (Tokyo, Japan) with a grating length of 5 mm and a diameter of 150 μm was used as an ultrasonic sensor
Summary
Many researchers have investigated the use of a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) as an effective ultrasonic sensor due to this grating’s inherent advantages, including its flexibility, immunity to electromagnetic interference, corrosion resistance, small size, and ability to be embedded into various materials. In these areas, an FBG outperforms the traditional lead-zirconate-titanate (PZT) sensor. Other researchers use FBGs in the field of non-destructive testing (NDT) or structural health monitoring (SHM), where the FBG is normally attached to material surfaces or embedded into materials [2,3] In these cases, the utilized frequency range is normally under 2 MHz, and stress is always exerted in a dominant direction. In the first case Rosenthal et al have delved into the spatial characterization of optical fiber as a hydrophone [4], the sensitivity distribution properties of optical fibers in the second case have not been studied in detail
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