Abstract
A large circular loop antenna is used to excite the TE 41 mode at operation frequency of 9 GHz inside a circular waveguide section to launch a vortex beam. The antenna is located inside the waveguide such that the real part of its input impedance is equal to $50 \Omega$ . A reactive element is used to match the antenna to a $50 \Omega$ voltage source. We perform a parametric study on the effect of small tilts of the antenna on the input impedance. The study is performed using multi-level fast multipole method (MLFMM) full-wave simulations. Results show that for this design, a tilt in the range $\pm 2^{\circ}$ along the antenna axis with a tilt of up to $+3^{\circ}$ perpendicular to the antenna axis is tolerable without noticeable degradation in the launcher performance.
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